A recent study suggests that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who abstain from snacks, pork, and alcohol for over six months may see a reduction in their risk of infertility. This improvement is attributed to decreased testosterone levels, body mass index (BMI), and triglycerides, which help restore ovulation and hormonal balance.
PCOS is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting one in ten women of reproductive age. It’s particularly on the rise among women in their late teens to early twenties, especially those who are overweight, obese, or have a family history of the condition. Symptoms include ovulation problems, excess male hormones leading to acne, excessive hair growth, hair loss, or irregular periods, making it a leading cause of infertility.
On Thursday, researchers led by Professor Karolina Kowalczyk from Poland’s Medical University of Silesia released findings from a study involving 154 PCOS patients aged 18 to 35. The team conducted surveys and biochemical tests, analyzing testosterone, BMI, blood sugar, and lipid levels.
The study grouped participants based on when they reduced their intake of Harmful Food: those who improved their diets more than six months ago, those who started within the last six months, and those who either didn’t reduce or increased their consumption. Harmful foods included red meat (beef, pork, and processed meats), alcohol, and high-sugar foods like snacks, sodas, and honey.
As a result, women who limited their intake of sugary foods, alcohol, and fatty red meat for over six months showed significantly lower total testosterone levels compared to those who didn’t. Testosterone, present in both sexes, can hinder ovulation when levels are too high. Normal total testosterone levels in women range from 0.06 to 0.82 ng/mL.
Specifically, women who cut back on red meat had an average testosterone level of 0.359 ng/mL, while those who didn’t limit intake had nearly double at 0.681 ng/mL. For alcohol, the averages were 0.388 ng/mL for those who reduced consumption and 0.917 ng/mL for those who didn’t. These women also had notably lower BMI, systolic blood pressure, and triglyceride levels, indicating better hormonal balance.
Interestingly, the study found that adopting a healthy diet might not always yield expected results. While 37% of participants switched from a high-glycemic to a low-glycemic diet, researchers observed no significant changes in metabolic or hormonal levels. High-glycemic diets typically include white bread, potatoes, and snacks, while low-glycemic diets feature fresh vegetables and whole grains.
The researchers emphasized that simple strategies like cutting back on sugary foods and alcohol can be more effective in promoting lasting behavioral changes. They noted that focusing on eliminating harmful foods may create more tangible improvements than just trying to add healthy options. The team also stressed the importance of ongoing motivation to prevent discouragement from short-term results.
Beyond physical health, the researchers believe dietary changes can positively impact mental well-being. They explained that women with PCOS often experience depression, eating disorders, and low self-esteem due to symptoms like excessive hair growth, acne, and weight gain. Long-term dietary changes may help improve not only metabolic indicators but also mental stability and self-esteem.
The findings of this study were published in the April issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine.